Full Year Ended
31 March 2022
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Exhibit 99.4
Management’s Analysis of Results
 
This Management’s Analysis of Results forms part of a package of information about James Hardie Industries plc’s results. It should be read in conjunction with the other parts of this package, including the Media Release, the Management Presentation and the Consolidated Financial Statements. Except as otherwise indicated in this Management’s Analysis of Results, James Hardie Industries plc is referred to as “JHI plc.” JHI plc, together with its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries, are collectively referred to as “James Hardie,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us.” Definitions for certain capitalized terms used in this Management’s Analysis of Results can be found in the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
This Management’s Analysis of Results includes financial measures that are not considered a measure of financial performance under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered to be more meaningful than the equivalent GAAP measures. Management has included such measures to provide investors with an alternative method for assessing its financial condition and operating results in a manner that is focused on the performance of its ongoing operations. These measures exclude the impact of certain legacy items, such as asbestos adjustments, or significant non-recurring items, such as asset impairments, restructuring expenses, as well as adjustments to tax expense. In addition, management provides an adjusted effective tax rate, which excludes the tax impact of the pre-tax special items (items listed above) and tax special items. Management believes that this non-GAAP tax measure provides an ongoing effective rate which investors may find useful for historical comparisons and for forecasting and is an alternative method of assessing the economic impact of taxes on the Company, as it more closely approximates payments to taxing authorities. Management uses such non-GAAP financial measures for the same purposes. These non-GAAP measures should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP, may not be reported by all of the Company’s competitors and may not be directly comparable to similarly titled measures of the Company’s competitors due to potential differences in the exact method of calculation. For additional information regarding the non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Management’s Analysis of Results, including a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure to the equivalent GAAP measure, see the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” In addition, this Management’s Analysis of Results includes financial measures and descriptions that are considered to not be in accordance with GAAP, but which are consistent with financial measures reported by Australian companies. Since James Hardie prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, the Company provides investors with definitions and a cross-reference from the non-GAAP financial measure used in this Management’s Analysis of Results to the equivalent GAAP financial measure used in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. See the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
These documents, along with an audio webcast of the Management Presentation on 17 May 2022, are available from the Investor Relations area of our website at ir.jameshardie.com.au

Investor/Media/Analyst Inquiries:
James Brennan-Chong
Director of Investor Relations and Market Intelligence
Telephone:

 +61 2 9638 9205
Email:     

 media@jameshardie.com.au
Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
1


CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
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Overview

James Hardie Industries plc is a world leader in the manufacturing of fiber cement building solutions, and a market leader in fiber gypsum and cement-bonded boards in Europe. Our fiber cement building materials include a wide-range of products for both external and internal use across a broad range of applications. We have four reportable segments: North America Fiber Cement, Asia Pacific Fiber Cement, Europe Building Products and Research and Development.

Full Year Financial Highlights
US$ Millions (except per share data)Full Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21Change
Net sales$3,614.7  $2,908.7  24%
Gross margin (%)36.3  36.2  0.1 pts
EBIT682.6  472.8  44%
EBIT margin (%)18.9 16.3 2.6 pts
Adjusted EBIT1
815.6  629.0  30%
Adjusted EBIT margin (%)1
22.621.61.0 pts
Net income459.1  262.8  75%
Adjusted Net income1
620.7  458.0  36%
Earnings per share - diluted$1.03 $0.59 
Adjusted earnings per share - diluted1
$1.39 $1.03 
1 See section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for a reconciliation to the equivalent GAAP measure
•Net sales increased 24% to US$3,614.7 million, driven by Price/Mix growth of 10% as we continue to execute our global strategy of driving high value product mix, and volume growth of 14%. Our Price/Mix is the result of 1) enabling our customers to drive an increase in revenue by selling more James Hardie products and, 2) marketing directly to homeowners to create demand for our high value products through our customers.
•Adjusted EBIT increased 30% to US$815.6 million with an adjusted EBIT margin of 22.6%. On a global basis, the shift to driving growth with a high value product mix combined with the continued execution of LEAN, enabled us to absorb very high input cost pressures in fiscal year 2022, while investing significantly in marketing and innovation which led to an increase in SG&A of 18%.

The Company's critical strategic initiatives for the next three years remain unchanged and our global management team is committed to executing our strategies which include: (1) marketing directly to homeowners to accelerate demand creation, (2) penetrating and driving profitable growth in existing and new segments, especially Repair and Remodel, and (3) commercializing global innovations by expanding into new categories.

As part of our commercializing global innovations strategic initiative, we previously announced the release of our Hardie™ Architectural Collection, which includes the launch of two new products, Hardie® Architectural Panel - Sculpted Clay and Hardie® Architectural Panel - Sea Grass.

The full year consolidated results delivered strong results and growth above market, as we are continuing to deliver on these stated strategic goals.
Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
2

OPERATING RESULTS
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North America Fiber Cement Segment

Operating results for the North America Fiber Cement segment were as follows:

US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21Change
Volume (mmsf)3,112.2  2,713.4  15%
Fiber cement net sales2,551.3  2,040.2  25%
Gross profit26%
Gross margin (%)0.3 pts
EBIT741.2  585.5  27%
EBIT margin (%)29.1  28.7  0.4 pts
Restructuring expenses—  2.5  (100)%
Adjusted EBIT741.2  588.0  26%
Adjusted EBIT margin (%)29.1  28.8  0.3 pts

FY22 vs FY21

Net sales increased 25% on the strength of exteriors volume growth of 17% and an increase in our Price/Mix of 10% resulting from the execution of our strategy to drive a high value product mix combined with our strategic pricing increases during the year.

Gross margin increased as a result of the following components:

Higher average net sales price5.2  pts
Higher production and distribution costs(4.9  pts)
Total percentage point change in gross margin0.3  pts

Higher production and distribution costs resulted from higher input costs, primarily pulp, freight costs and start-up costs related to our Prattville and Summerville plants.

SG&A expenses increased 27%, driven by our strategy to market directly to homeowners and strategic investments in growth initiatives, compared to cost containment actions taken in the prior year. As a percentage of sales, SG&A expenses increased 0.1 percentage point.

Restructuring expenses of US$2.5 million in the prior year consist solely of severance costs related to a reduction in headcount across the region in order to strategically realign our resources.

EBIT margin increased 0.4 percentage points to 29.1%, driven by higher gross margin and lower restructuring expenses.
Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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OPERATING RESULTS
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Asia Pacific Fiber Cement Segment

The Asia Pacific Fiber Cement segment is comprised of the following regions: (i) Australia; (ii) New Zealand; and (iii) the Philippines.

Operating results for the Asia Pacific Fiber Cement segment in US dollars were as follows:

US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21Change
Volume (mmsf)633.3  542.0  17%
Fiber cement net sales574.9  458.2  25%
Gross profit 29%
Gross margin (%) 0.9 pts
EBIT160.8  124.8  29%
EBIT margin (%)28.0  27.2  0.8 pts
Restructuring expenses—  3.4  (100)%
Adjusted EBIT160.8  128.2  25%
Adjusted EBIT margin (%)28.0  28.0  — pts

Operating results for the Asia Pacific Fiber Cement segment in Australian dollars were as follows:

A$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21Change   
Volume (mmsf)633.3  542.0  17%
Fiber cement net sales777.7  635.2  22%
Gross profit26%
Gross margin (%)0.9 pts
EBIT217.4  172.4  26%
EBIT margin (%)28.0  27.2  0.8 pts
Restructuring expenses—  4.9  (100)%
Adjusted EBIT217.4  177.3  23%
Adjusted EBIT margin (%)28.0  28.0  — pts






Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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OPERATING RESULTS
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FY22 vs FY21 (A$)

Net sales increased 22%, driven by volume growth of 17% and Price/Mix growth of 5%. All three regions experienced strong volume growth, compared to lower volumes in the prior year due to the COVID-19 government enforced lockdowns in the Philippines and New Zealand. The 5% growth in Price/Mix was driven by our execution of our high value product mix strategy in Australia and New Zealand where Price/Mix increased 10%. This was offset by geographic mix, as a higher proportion of our sales were in the Philippines which has a lower average net sales price. Volumes in the Philippines increased 28%.

The increase in gross margin can be attributed to the following components:

Higher average net sales price2.8  pts
Higher production and distribution costs (1.9  pts)
Total percentage point change in gross margin0.9  pts

Higher production and distribution costs were driven by higher input costs, and higher manufacturing costs related to producing a high value product mix. This increase was partially offset by favorable plant performance including LEAN manufacturing savings in Australia, the efficiencies realized from shifting to an import model for the New Zealand region and a higher proportion of sales in the Philippines which have a lower cost.

SG&A expenses increased 36%, primarily driven by higher marketing expenses and our investment in additional headcount to drive growth. As a percentage of sales, SG&A expenses increased 0.9 percentage points.

In the prior year, restructuring expenses of A$4.9 million consist solely of severance costs, primarily associated with our strategic decision to shift our New Zealand regional production to our two Australia based plants, and a reduction in headcount across the region to realign our resources.

EBIT margin of 28.0% represents an increase of 0.8 percentage points, primarily driven by higher gross margin and lower restructuring expenses, partially offset by higher SG&A expenses as a percentage of sales.
Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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OPERATING RESULTS
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Europe Building Products Segment

The Europe Building Products segment is comprised of: (i) Europe Fiber Cement; and (ii) Europe Fiber Gypsum.

Operating results for the Europe Building Products segment in US dollars were as follows:

US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21Change   
Volume (mmsf)952.6  876.0  9%
Fiber cement net sales76.3  55.3  38%
Fiber gypsum net sales1
412.2  355.0  16%
Net sales488.5  410.3  19%
Gross profit13%
Gross margin (%)(1.5 pts)
EBIT62.9  37.6  67%
EBIT margin (%)12.9  9.2  3.7 pts
Restructuring expenses—  5.1  (100)%
Adjusted EBIT62.9  42.7  47%
Adjusted EBIT margin (%)12.9  10.4  2.5 pts
1Also includes cement bonded board net sales



Operating results for the Europe Building Products segment in Euros were as follows:

€ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21Change   
Volume (mmsf)952.6  876.0  9%
Fiber cement net sales65.6  47.2  39%
Fiber gypsum net sales1
354.9  303.4  17%
Net sales420.5  350.6  20%
Gross profit 14%
Gross margin (%) (1.5 pts)
EBIT54.2  31.4  73%
EBIT margin (%)12.9  9.2  3.7 pts
Restructuring expenses—  4.5  (100)%
Adjusted EBIT54.2  35.9  51%
Adjusted EBIT margin (%)12.9  10.4  2.5 pts
1Also includes cement bonded board net sales



Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
6

OPERATING RESULTS
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FY22 vs FY21 (€)

Net sales increased 20%, driven by increases in fiber cement and fiber gypsum of 39% and 17%, respectively. The increase in net sales is attributed to our continued execution of our push/pull strategy, the introduction of our new Hardie® VL Plank product and low volumes in Q1 of the prior year resulting from the COVID-19 government enforced shutdowns in the UK and France. Price/Mix increased 11%, due to our shift to a higher value mix in both our fiber cement and fiber gypsum product lines.

The decrease in gross margin is attributed to the following components:
Higher average net sales price5.0  pts
Higher production and distribution costs(6.5  pts)
Total percentage point change in gross margin(1.5  pts)

Higher production and distribution costs were driven by higher input costs (primarily energy, paper and packaging costs). The unfavorable impact of energy costs, mainly related to the hyperinflation in natural gas, was approximately €9.4 million.

SG&A expenses decreased from prior year primarily due to the favorable impact of reversing a bad debt allowance, and a focus to moderate spending to neutralize the higher energy costs. These decreases more than offset our spend related to our growth initiatives, including talent and marketing. As a percentage of sales, SG&A expenses decreased 3.9 percentage points.

In the prior year, restructuring expenses of €4.5 million consist solely of severance costs, primarily associated with the reduction of headcount across the region to strategically realign our resources.

EBIT margin of 12.9% increased 3.7 percentage points, driven by the 14% increase in gross profit, lower SG&A expenses as a percentage of sales and lower restructuring expenses.

General Corporate

Results for General Corporate were as follows:
US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21Change %
General Corporate SG&A expenses$114.9  $101.1  14 
Asbestos:
Asbestos adjustments loss131.7  143.9  (8)
AICF SG&A expenses1.3  1.2  8 
General Corporate costs$247.9  $246.2  1 
General Corporate SG&A expenses increased US$13.8 million primarily due to legal reserves recorded in the fourth quarter, investment in global growth initiatives, including talent and marketing investments, partially offset by lower stock compensation expenses.

Asbestos adjustments primarily reflect the annual actuarial adjustment recorded in line with KPMGA's actuarial report, as well as the non-cash foreign exchange re-measurement impact on asbestos related balance sheet items, driven by the change in the AUD/USD spot exchange rate from the beginning balance sheet date to the ending balance sheet date, for each respective period. In addition, these amounts are partially offset by gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts related to future AICF payments.

Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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OPERATING RESULTS
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The AUD/USD spot exchange rates are shown in the table below:

FY22FY21
31 March 20210.7601 31 March 20200.6177 
31 March 20220.7482 31 March 20210.7601 
Change ($)(0.0119)Change ($)0.1424 
Change (%)(2)Change (%)23 

Asbestos adjustments recorded by the Company were made up of the following components:

US$ MillionsFull Year Ended March
FY22FY21
Change in estimates$140.9 $32.5 
Effect of foreign exchange on Asbestos net liabilities(13.2)123.0 
Loss (gain) on foreign currency forward contracts5.3 (11.7)
Other(1.3)0.1 
Asbestos adjustments loss $131.7 $143.9 

The increase in the actuarial adjustment for fiscal year 2022 is due to the annual inflation adjustment, increased claims sizes and expected mesothelioma claims activity.

Changes to the assumptions may be necessary in future periods should mesothelioma claims reporting escalate or decline. Potential variation in the estimated peak period of claims has an impact much greater than the other assumptions used to derive the discounted central estimate. In performing the sensitivity assessment of the estimated incidence pattern reporting for mesothelioma, if the pattern of incidence was shifted by two years, the central estimate could increase by approximately 21% on a discounted basis.

Readers are referred to Note 12 of our 31 March 2022 consolidated financial statements for further information on asbestos.


















Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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OPERATING RESULTS
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Interest, net

US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
FY22FY21Change %
Gross interest expense$42.2  $58.0  (27)
Capitalized interest(1.9) (9.5) (80)
Interest income(0.1) (0.2) (50)
Net AICF interest income(0.9) (0.5) 80 
Interest, net$39.3  $47.8  (18)

Gross interest expense decreased US$15.8 million, primarily due to the redemption of our 2025 senior unsecured notes in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2021. The decrease in capitalized interest is due to a lower average amount of accumulated capital expansion project spend, primarily due to the commissioning of our Prattville, Alabama plant.


Income Tax

 Full Year Ended 31 March
    FY22FY21Change
Income tax expense (US$ Millions)184.0  149.2  23%
Effective tax rate (%)28.6  36.2  (7.6 pts)
Adjusted income tax expense1 (US$ Millions)
154.5  109.7  41%
Adjusted effective tax rate1 (%)
19.9  19.3  0.6 pts
1Includes tax adjustments related to the amortization benefit of certain US intangible assets, asbestos, and other tax adjustments

The effective tax rate decreased 7.6 percentage points, primarily due to Asbestos, partially offset by other tax adjustments.

The Adjusted effective tax rate increased 0.6 percentage point, primarily due to a change in geographic mix.


Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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OPERATING RESULTS
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Net Income


 
US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
   FY22FY21Change %
EBIT
North America Fiber Cement1
$741.2  $588.0  26  
Asia Pacific Fiber Cement1
160.8  128.2  25  
Europe Building Products1
62.9  42.7  47  
Research and Development(34.4) (28.8) (19) 
General Corporate2
(114.9) (101.1) (14) 
Adjusted EBIT815.6  629.0  30  
Net income
Adjusted interest, net2
40.2  48.3  (17) 
Other expense (income)0.2  (0.1) 300  
Loss on early extinguishment of debt—  13.1  (100) 
Adjusted income tax expense3
154.5  109.7  41  
Adjusted net income$620.7  $458.0  36  
1Excludes restructuring expenses
2Excludes Asbestos-related expenses and adjustments
3Includes tax adjustments related to the amortization benefit of certain US intangible assets, asbestos and other tax adjustments

Adjusted net income of US$620.7 million increased 36%, driven by strong performance in all operating segments, partially offset by higher adjusted income tax expense.
1






Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
10

OTHER INFORMATION
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Cash Flow
US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
FY22FY21ChangeChange %
Net cash provided by operating activities $757.2 $786.9 $(29.7)(4)
Net cash used in investing activities 348.2 120.4 227.8 189 
Net cash used in financing activities 449.6 540.2 (90.6)(17)
Significant sources and uses of cash during fiscal year 2022 included:
•Cash provided by operating activities:
◦Higher net sales and profitability in each of our regions led to net income, adjusted for non-cash items, of US$849.9 million;
◦Working capital increased by US$1.5 million; and
◦Asbestos claims paid of US$118.8 million.
•Cash used in investing activities:
◦Capital expenditures of US$257.8 million, including the following capacity expansion projects: Prattville Trim line, Prattville Sheet Machines #3 and #4, Massachusetts ColorPlus® finishing line, the Summerville restart and a deposit on land in Melbourne, Australia; and
◦AICF net investments of US$88.5 million.
•Cash used in financing activities:
◦Dividend payments of US$484.0 million;
◦Partially offset by US$40.0 million net drawdowns on our revolving credit facility.

The 4% decrease in net cash provided by operating activities is primarily related to the US$64.8 million CARES Act tax refund received in the prior year.

Capacity Expansion

We are investing in a transformational global capacity expansion program, including brownfield and greenfield expansions in all three regions. Through the end of fiscal year 2026, we expect to commission the following:
North America
•Trim finishing capacity in Prattville, Alabama
•ColorPlus® finishing capacity in Westfield, Massachusetts
•Sheet Machines #3 and #4 in Prattville, Alabama
•Fiber Cement greenfield capacity (location TBD)

Asia Pacific
•Brownfield expansion in Carole Park, Australia
•Fiber Cement greenfield capacity in Melbourne, Australia

Europe
•Fiber Gypsum brownfield expansion in Orejo, Spain
•Fiber Cement greenfield capacity (location TBD)
Over the next four years we anticipate investing between US$1.6 billion to US$1.8 billion in capital expenditures.

Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
11

OTHER INFORMATION
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Liquidity and Capital Allocation

Our cash position decreased by US$83.5 million, from US$208.5 million at 31 March 2021 to US$125.0 million at 31 March 2022.

Our gross debt balance increased from US$868.3 million at 31 March 2021 to US$886.4 million at 31 March 2022. During the third quarter of fiscal year 2022, we entered into a new US$600.0 million revolving credit facility maturing in December 2026, which replaced the prior revolving credit facility which was set to expire in December 2022. The new facility includes two optional one year extension periods. At 31 March 2022, we have US$40.0 million drawn.

Based on our existing cash balances, together with anticipated operating cash flows and unutilized credit facilities, we anticipate we will have sufficient funds to meet our planned working capital and other expected cash requirements for the next twelve months.

Capital Management

We periodically review our capital structure and capital allocation objectives and expect the following capital management focus in the short term:

•Preserve and enable strong liquidity position and financial flexibility;
•Invest in organic growth: capacity expansion, market driven innovation and marketing directly to the homeowner;
•Maintain leverage ratio of 1-2x; and
•Return capital to shareholders:
◦Returned US$309.9 million through special dividend in April 2021; and
◦Returned US$174.1 million through ordinary half-year dividend in December 2021.


Other Asbestos Information

Full Year Ended 31 March
FY22FY21Change %
Claims received555  545  2 
Direct claims411  392  5
Cross claims144  153  (6) 
Actuarial estimate for the period573  624  (8) 
Difference in claims received to actuarial estimate(18) (79) 
Average claim settlement (A$)314,000  248,000  27  
Actuarial estimate for the period (A$)312,000  296,000  5  
Difference in claims paid to actuarial estimate2,000  (48,000) 

For the full year ended 31 March 2022, we noted the following related to asbestos-related claims:

•Total claims received were 3% below actuarial expectations and 2% higher than prior year;
•Mesothelioma claims reported were 1% above actuarial expectations and 3% higher than prior year;
•Number of claims settled were 1% below actuarial expectations and 5% below prior year;
•Average claim settlement was 1% above actuarial expectations and 27% above prior year; and
Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
12

OTHER INFORMATION
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•Average mesothelioma claim settlement sizes were higher than expected for three of the four age groups for direct claims and lower than expected for all age groups for cross claims.

AICF Funding

We funded US$248.5 million (A$328.2 million) to AICF during fiscal year 2022, as provided under the AFFA. From the time AICF was established in February 2007 through the date of this Report, we have contributed approximately A$1,899.2 million to the fund.
In accordance with the terms of the AFFA, the Company anticipates that it will contribute approximately A$157.5 million (US$117.8 million based on the exchange rate at 31 March 2022) to AICF during the fiscal year ending 31 March 2023.

Readers are referred to Notes 1 and 12 of our 31 March 2022 consolidated financial statements for further information on asbestos.
Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
13


NON-GAAP FINANCIAL TERMS
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Financial Measures - GAAP equivalents
This document contains the financial statement line item EBIT, which is considered to be non-GAAP, but is consistent with the term used by Australian companies. Because we prepare our consolidated financial statements under GAAP, the equivalent GAAP financial statement line item description used in our consolidated financial statements is Operating income (loss).

EBIT – Earnings before interest and tax.
EBIT margin – EBIT margin is defined as EBIT as a percentage of net sales.
Non GAAP Financial Terms

This Management’s Analysis of Results includes certain financial information to supplement the Company’s consolidated financial statements which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). These financial measures are designed to provide investors with an alternative method for assessing our performance from on-going operations, capital efficiency and profit generation. Management uses these financial measures for the same purposes. These financial measures include: 
•Adjusted EBIT;•Adjusted expense, net;
•North America Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT;•Adjusted net income;
•Asia Pacific Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT;•Adjusted diluted earnings per share;
•Europe Building Products Segment Adjusted EBIT;•Adjusted income before income taxes;
•Adjusted EBIT margin;•Adjusted income tax expense;
•North America Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT margin;•Adjusted effective tax rate; and
•Asia Pacific Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT margin;•Adjusted return on capital employed (Adjusted "ROCE")
•Europe Building Products Segment Adjusted EBIT margin;
These financial measures are or may be non-GAAP financial measures as defined in the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and may exclude or include amounts that are included or excluded, as applicable, in the calculation of the most directly comparable financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. These financial measures are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable GAAP financial measures and should be read only in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. In evaluating these financial measures, investors should note that other companies reporting or describing similarly titled financial measures may calculate them differently and investors should exercise caution in comparing the Company’s financial measures to similar titled measures by other companies.
Definitions
AFFA – Amended and Restated Final Funding Agreement
AICF – Asbestos Injuries Compensation Fund Ltd

Sales Volume
mmsf – million square feet, where a square foot is defined as a standard square foot of 5/16” thickness.
msf – thousand square feet, where a square foot is defined as a standard square foot of 5/16” thickness.
Price/Mix – The percentage growth in revenue attributable to price increases and shift in mix of products sold. Price/Mix is calculated as the Net Sales growth percentage less the Volume growth percentage.
Energy Inflation (Europe) – Hyperinflation in energy costs is defined as the increase in energy costs above normal energy inflation.
Normal Energy Inflation – Calculated based on average rates per unit from April 2021 - July 2021, compared to average rates per unit for the prior corresponding period.
Energy Hyperinflation – Calculated based on average rates per unit from August 2021 - March 2022, less Normal Energy Inflation (as defined above).
Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
14


NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
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Financial Measures - GAAP equivalents

Adjusted EBIT

US$ MillionsThree Months and Full Year Ended 31 March
 Q4 FY22Q4 FY21FY22FY21
EBIT$82.4  $144.7  $682.6  $472.8  
Asbestos:
Asbestos adjustments loss142.5  28.1  131.7  143.9  
AICF SG&A expenses0.4  0.3  1.3  1.2  
Restructuring expenses—  —  —  11.1  
Adjusted EBIT$225.3  $173.1  $815.6  $629.0  
Net sales968.2  807.0  3,614.7  2,908.7  
Adjusted EBIT margin23.3%21.4%22.6%21.6%


North America Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT
US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21
North America Fiber Cement Segment EBIT$741.2  $585.5  
Restructuring expenses—  2.5  
North America Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT$741.2  $588.0  
North America Fiber Cement segment net sales2,551.3  2,040.2  
North America Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT margin29.1%28.8%

Asia Pacific Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT
US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21
Asia Pacific Fiber Cement Segment EBIT$160.8  $124.8  
Restructuring expenses—  3.4  
Asia Pacific Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT$160.8  $128.2  
Asia Pacific Fiber Cement segment net sales574.9  458.2  
Asia Pacific Fiber Cement Segment Adjusted EBIT margin28.0%28.0%

Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
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Europe Building Products Segment Adjusted EBIT
US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21
Europe Building Products Segment EBIT$62.9 $37.6 
Restructuring expenses— 5.1 
Europe Building Products Segment Adjusted EBIT62.9 42.7 
Europe Building Products segment net sales488.5 410.3 
Europe Building Products Segment Adjusted EBIT margin12.9%10.4%
Adjusted interest, net
US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21
Interest, net$39.3 $47.8 
AICF interest income, net(0.9) (0.5) 
Adjusted interest, net$40.2 $48.3 
Adjusted net income
US$ MillionsThree Months and Full Year Ended 31 March
 Q4 FY22Q4 FY21FY22FY21
Net income$52.2  $98.0  $459.1  $262.8  
Asbestos:
Asbestos adjustments loss 142.5 28.1 131.7 143.9 
AICF SG&A expenses0.4 0.3 1.3 1.2 
AICF interest income, net(0.4)(0.2)(0.9)(0.5)
Restructuring expenses— — — 11.1 
Tax adjustments1
(17.2)(1.3)29.5 39.5 
Adjusted net income$177.5  $124.9  $620.7  $458.0  
1Includes tax adjustments related to the amortization benefit of certain US intangible assets, asbestos, and other tax adjustments





Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
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Adjusted diluted earnings per share
Full Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21
Adjusted net income (US$ millions)$620.7 $458.0 
Weighted average common shares outstanding -
Diluted (millions)
445.9 445.4 
Adjusted diluted earnings per share $1.39 $1.03 
Adjusted effective tax rate
US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
 FY22FY21
Income before income taxes$643.1  $412.0  
Asbestos:
Asbestos adjustments loss 131.7  143.9  
AICF SG&A expenses1.3  1.2  
AICF interest income, net(0.9) (0.5) 
Restructuring expenses—  11.1  
Adjusted income before income taxes$775.2  $567.7  
Income tax expense184.0  149.2  
Tax adjustments1
(29.5) (39.5) 
Adjusted income tax expense$154.5  $109.7  
Effective tax rate28.6%36.2%
Adjusted effective tax rate19.9%19.3%
1Includes tax adjustments related to the amortization benefit of certain US intangible assets, asbestos, and other tax adjustments











Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
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Adjusted Return on Capital Employed ("Adjusted ROCE")

US$ MillionsFull Year Ended 31 March
FY22FY21
Numerator
Adjusted EBIT for ROCE1
$815.6  $629.0  
Denominator
Gross capital employed (GCE)1,653.9  1,780.8  
Adjustments to GCE2
(56.4) (193.6) 
Adjusted gross capital employed$1,597.5  $1,587.2  
Adjusted ROCE51.1%39.6%

1There were no adjustments as calculated according to ROCE stock compensation plan documents
2Calculated as Total Assets minus Current Liabilities as reported in our financial results; adjusted by (i) excluding balance sheet items related to legacy issues (such as asbestos adjustments) dividends payables and deferred taxes; (ii) adding back asset impairment charges in the relevant period, unless otherwise determined by the renumeration committee; and (iii) deducting all greenfield construction-in-progress, and any brownfield construction-in-progress projects involving capacity expansion that are individually greater than US$20 million, until such assets reach commercial production and are transferred to the fixed asset register
Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
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This Management’s Analysis of Results contains forward-looking statements. James Hardie Industries plc (the “Company”) may from time to time make forward-looking statements in its periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission, on Forms 20-F and 6-K, in its annual reports to shareholders, in offering circulars, invitation memoranda and prospectuses, in media releases and other written materials and in oral statements made by the Company’s officers, directors or employees to analysts, institutional investors, existing and potential lenders, representatives of the media and others. Statements that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements and such forward-looking statements are statements made pursuant to the Safe Harbor Provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Examples of forward-looking statements include:
▪statements about the Company’s future performance;
▪projections of the Company’s results of operations or financial condition;
▪statements regarding the Company’s plans, objectives or goals, including those relating to strategies, initiatives, competition, acquisitions, dispositions and/or its products;
▪expectations concerning the costs associated with the suspension or closure of operations at any of the Company’s plants and future plans with respect to any such plants;
▪expectations concerning the costs associated with the significant capital expenditure projects at any of the Company’s plants and future plans with respect to any such projects;
▪expectations regarding the extension or renewal of the Company’s credit facilities including changes to terms, covenants or ratios;
▪expectations concerning dividend payments and share buy-backs;
▪statements concerning the Company’s corporate and tax domiciles and structures and potential changes to them, including potential tax charges;
▪uncertainty from the discontinuance of LIBOR and transition to any other interest rate benchmark;
▪statements regarding the effect and consequences of the COVID-19 public health crisis;
▪statements regarding tax liabilities and related audits, reviews and proceedings;
▪statements regarding the possible consequences and/or potential outcome of legal proceedings brought against us and the potential liabilities, if any, associated with such proceedings;
▪expectations about the timing and amount of contributions to AICF, a special purpose fund for the compensation of proven Australian asbestos-related personal injury and death claims;
▪expectations concerning the adequacy of the Company’s warranty provisions and estimates for future warranty-related costs;
▪statements regarding the Company’s ability to manage legal and regulatory matters (including but not limited to product liability, environmental, intellectual property and competition law matters) and to resolve any such pending legal and regulatory matters within current estimates and in anticipation of certain third-party recoveries; and
▪statements about economic or housing market conditions in the regions in which we operate, including but not limited to, the levels of new home construction and home renovations, unemployment levels, changes in consumer income, changes or stability in housing values, the availability of mortgages and other financing, mortgage and other interest rates, housing affordability and supply, the levels of foreclosures and home resales, currency exchange rates, and builder and consumer confidence.
Words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “expect,” “intend,” “target,” “estimate,” “project,” “predict,” “forecast,” “guideline,” “aim,” “will,” “should,” “likely,” “continue,” “may,” “objective,” “outlook” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements and all such forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the following cautionary statements.
Forward-looking statements are based on the Company’s current expectations, estimates and assumptions and because forward-looking statements address future results, events and conditions, they, by their very nature, involve inherent risks and uncertainties, many of which are unforeseeable and beyond the Company’s control. Such known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause actual results, performance or other achievements to differ materially from the anticipated results, performance or achievements expressed, projected or implied by these forward-looking statements. These factors, some of which are discussed under “Risk Factors” in Section 3 of the Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 17 May 2022, include, but are not limited to: all matters relating to or arising out of the prior manufacture of products that contained asbestos by current and former Company subsidiaries; required contributions to AICF, any shortfall in AICF funding and the effect of currency exchange rate movements on the amount recorded in the Company’s financial statements as an asbestos liability; compliance with and changes in tax laws and treatments; competition and product pricing in the markets in which the Company operates; the consequences of product failures or defects; exposure to environmental, asbestos, putative consumer class action or other legal proceedings; general economic and market conditions; the supply and cost of raw materials; possible increases in competition and the potential that competitors could copy the Company’s products; compliance with and changes in environmental and health and safety laws; risks of conducting business internationally; compliance with and changes in laws and regulations; currency exchange risks; dependence on customer preference and the concentration of the Company’s customer base; dependence on residential and commercial construction markets; the effect of adverse changes in climate or weather patterns; use of accounting estimates; risk and uncertainties arising out of the COVID-19 public health crisis, including the impact of COVID-19 on our business, sales, results of operations and financial condition and all other risks identified in the Company’s reports filed with Australian, Irish and US securities regulatory agencies and exchanges (as appropriate). The Company cautions you that the foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive and that other risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from those referenced in the Company’s forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and are statements of the Company’s current expectations concerning future results, events and conditions. The Company assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements or information except as required by law.
Management's Analysis of Results: James Hardie - Full Year Ended 31 March 2022
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